What is the role of MBBR biofiltration filler?

1. Provide a carrier for microbial growth
Forming a biofilm:
MBBR biofiltration filler provides a huge surface area for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Microorganisms can attach to the surface of the filler and gradually form a layer of biofilm. This biofilm contains various types of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa, etc., which work together to degrade and transform pollutants in sewage.
For example, in the sewage treatment process, aerobic bacteria can use oxygen to oxidize organic matter into carbon dioxide and water; nitrifying bacteria can convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrite and nitrate; denitrifying bacteria can reduce nitrate to nitrogen gas under anoxic conditions, thereby achieving the purpose of denitrification.
Increasing biomass:
Due to the large specific surface area of ​​the filler, it can accommodate a large number of microbial growth, so it can significantly increase the biomass in the sewage treatment system. Compared with the traditional activated sludge method, the MBBR process can have a higher biomass in the same reactor volume, thereby improving the removal capacity of pollutants.
High biomass can also enhance the system's ability to resist shock loads. When the concentration of pollutants in sewage suddenly increases, the system can still maintain a good treatment effect.

2. Promote the mass transfer process
Improve the oxygen transfer efficiency:
In the MBBR reactor, the fluidized state of the filler can promote the transfer of oxygen in the water. The bubbles generated by the aeration system collide with the filler, making it easier for oxygen to dissolve in the water and increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water. This is essential for the growth and metabolism of aerobic microorganisms and can accelerate the oxidation and decomposition of organic matter.
At the same time, the movement of the filler can also reduce the aggregation of bubbles and the formation of large bubbles, increase the contact area between bubbles and water, and further improve the oxygen transfer efficiency.
Enhance the contact between pollutants and microorganisms:
The fluidized state of the filler makes the contact between sewage and biofilm more complete, promotes the transfer of pollutants to the biofilm and the uptake of pollutants by microorganisms. This good mass transfer effect can improve the removal efficiency of pollutants, shorten the hydraulic retention time, and reduce the volume of the reactor.
For example, for organic matter that is difficult to degrade, the role of the filler can increase its contact with microorganisms and improve the degradation ability of microorganisms.

3. Optimize reactor performance
Improve the fluidized state:
The shape, size, and density of the MBBR biofiltration filler will affect the fluidized state in the reactor. Reasonable selection of fillers can make the fillers evenly distributed in the reactor, avoid accumulation and blockage, and ensure good fluidization effect.
A good fluidization state can improve the mixing degree of the reactor, reduce the formation of dead zones, enable pollutants in sewage to evenly contact the biofilm, and improve the stability of the treatment effect.
Improve treatment efficiency:
The presence of fillers can increase the biodiversity of the reactor and promote the synergy of different types of microorganisms. For example, some microorganisms can decompose macromolecular organic matter into small molecular organic matter, providing easier substrates for other microorganisms to use; some microorganisms can produce extracellular polymers to enhance the stability and impact resistance of biofilms.
By optimizing the characteristics of the fillers and the operating parameters of the reactor, the treatment efficiency of the MBBR reactor can be improved and the operating cost can be reduced.

4. Convenient maintenance and management
Reduce sludge production:
The biofilm in the MBBR process is relatively stable and not easy to fall off, so the amount of residual sludge produced is small. This can reduce the cost and difficulty of sludge treatment and reduce secondary pollution to the environment.
At the same time, the presence of fillers can reduce the accumulation of sludge in the reactor and avoid the occurrence of problems such as sludge swelling.
Easy to clean and replace:
When the biofilm on the surface of the filler is aged or contaminated, the system performance can be restored by simply cleaning or replacing the filler. Compared with the traditional activated sludge method, the maintenance and management of the MBBR process is more convenient and quicker.
In addition, some new MBBR biofiltration fillers also have self-cleaning functions, which can reduce the frequency and difficulty of cleaning.

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